Italy is renowned for its vibrant carnival celebrations, most notably the extravagant Carnevale di Venezia, which attracts around three million visitors annually. During this iconic festival, attendees don elaborate costumes and intricate masks, wandering through the city’s beautiful streets or participating in grand balls illuminated by sparkling chandeliers. However, the country boasts over 70 lesser-known carnival celebrations, each with unique traditions and themes. These festivities range from those centered on food to those celebrating humor, and many highlight artistic craft with stunning allegorical floats, often made from papier-mâché, showcasing Italy’s rich artisanal heritage.
One of the most peculiar and exciting carnivals can be found in Ivrea, located at the foot of the Alps. Here, the Battle of the Oranges takes place, featuring Italy’s largest food fight. Scheduled for three afternoons around Shrove Tuesday, this raucous event involves thousands of participants divided into teams engaged in a lively fruit battle, reenacting a supposed 13th-century rebellion against a local tyrant. Tickets are available for those wishing to join the fray, and the festivities conclude with the memorable phrase “Arvedse a giobia a ’n bot,” which translates to “we’ll see each other on Thursday,” signaling the anticipation for the next round of Easter celebrations.
In Cento, a northern town, the Carnival stands out for being officially twinned with the famous Brazilian Carnival in Rio de Janeiro. Spanning five Sundays throughout February, the celebrations feature samba dancers from Brazil, float parades, and performances by notable Italian celebrities. Teams compete for the best floats, and the event culminates in a tongue-in-cheek “funeral” for the losing team, complete with coffins and black veils, showcasing the playful spirit of this vibrant tradition. It reflects not only competition but also camaraderie among participants, who aim to return in better form the following year.
The Carnevale di Viareggio in Tuscany is another highly popular celebration, drawing approximately 100,000 spectators to enjoy six spectacular parades between January and February. The floats in this carnival can reach towering heights of up to 100 feet, often featuring allegorical themes ranging from environmental issues to societal critiques. This event offers a feast for the eyes, with floats changing annually and sparking conversations among visitors about their significance. After witnessing the parade, attendees can explore the Carnival Citadel, which includes a rich museum detailing the history of the celebrations and workshops where artisans craft the floats, often open to enthusiastic onlookers.
Fano’s Carnival is a sweet affair characterized by its long-standing traditions and festive spirit, dating back to at least the 14th century. The seaside town hosts celebrations across three consecutive Sundays, where part of the spectacle includes the energetic ‘getto’—the joyful throwing of chocolates and sweets from the floats to the excited onlookers. Each parade features a presentation of vividly decorated floats, culminating in the luminaria, an enchanting evening illumination of the procession that captivates spectators under the night sky, illustrating the community’s dedication to this beloved event.
The Carnevale di Putignano stands out as Italy’s longest carnival, rooted in history dating back to 1394. Originally, it began as a procession relocating the relics of Saint Stephen during an invasion scare. This celebration now runs until late February, featuring themed exhibitions, workshops, and mask-making. The main events occur on Thursdays, showcasing opulent parades and masked gatherings. In contrast, the unique Carnival in Mamoiada, Sardinia, boasts proud folklore traditions featuring the enigmatic Mamuthones and Issohadores. These characters, dressed in dark and vibrant costumes, embody the region’s deep cultural heritage, taking part in festivities on significant dates throughout the year. Together, these colorful celebrations highlight the diverse and rich tapestry of Italy’s carnival culture, blending historical significance with community spirit and artistic expression.